Homicides and selected socio-economic characteristics for continental U.S. counties. Data for four decennial census years: 1960, 1970, 1980 and 1990.
- Observations = 3,085
- Variables = 69
- Years = 1960s-90s
Source: S. Messner, L. Anselin, D. Hawkins, G. Deane, S. Tolnay, R. Baller (2000). An Atlas of the Spatial Patterning of County-Level Homicide, 1960-1990. Pittsburgh, PA, National Consortium on Violence Research (NCOVR).
Reference: Baller, R., L. Anselin, S. Messner, G. Deane and D. Hawkins (2001). Structural covariates of US county homicide rates: incorporating spatial effects. Criminology 39, 561-590.
| Variable | Description |
|---|---|
| NAME | County name |
| STATE_NAME | State name |
| STATE_FIPS | State fips code (character) |
| CNTY_FIPS | County fips code (character) |
| FIPS | Combined state and county fips code (character) |
| STFIPS | State fips code (numeric) |
| COFIPS | County fips code (numeric) |
| FIPSNO | Fips code as numeric variable |
| SOUTH | Dummy variable for Southern counties (South = 1) |
| HR** | Homicide rate per 100,000 (1960, 1970, 1980, 1990) |
| HC** | Homicide count, three year average centered on 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 |
| PO** | County population the years 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 |
| RD** | Resource deprivation the years 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 (principal component, see Codebook for details) |
| PS** | Population structure 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 (principal component, see Codebook for details) |
| UE** | Unemployment rate the years 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 |
| DV** | Divorce rate the years 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 (percentage of males over 14 divorced) |
| MA** | Median age the years 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 |
| POL** | Log of population the years 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 |
| DNL** | Log of population density the years 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 |
| MFIL** | Log of median family income the years1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 |
| FP** | Percentage of families below poverty the years 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 (see Codebook for details) |
| BLK** | Percentage of black population for the years 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 |
| GI** | Gini index of family income inequality 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 |
| FH** | Percentage of female headed households 1960, 1970, 1980, 1990 |
Prepared by Luc Anselin. Last updated October 4, 2003. Data provided “as is,” no warranties.